What is fluency?

Fluency  is the quick and efficient recall of facts and procedures and the flexibility to move between different contexts and representations of mathematics.  By the end of Year 2, children are expected to know by heart the following addition and corresponding subtraction facts:

By the end of Year 4, children are expected to know all times table facts up to 12 x 12.  The 36 most important facts are highlighted in the table. Fluency in these facts should be prioritised because, when coupled with an understanding of commutativity and fluency in the formal written method for multiplication, they enable pupils to multiply any pair of numbers:

Year 4 children will be expected to take a multiplication check in June.  This is completed electronically.  Children can practise for this using Times Table Rock Stars: https://play.ttrockstars.com/auth/school/student

This website also provides practise very similar to the multiplication check: https://www.timestables.co.uk/multiplication-tables-check/